Web design

Definition

Web design is the process of planning, creating, and arranging the visual and functional elements of a website. It involves designing layouts, typography, colours, graphics, and interactive features to create a user friendly and engaging online experience. Good web design balances aesthetics with usability, accessibility, and performance.

For example, an e-commerce website may be designed with clear navigation, a mobile friendly layout, and consistent branding to guide users smoothly through the buying journey.

Advanced

Modern web design integrates both creative and technical disciplines. Designers use tools such as Figma, Sketch, or Adobe XD to prototype interfaces and collaborate with developers. Responsive design techniques ensure websites adjust seamlessly across devices, while accessibility standards such as WCAG ensure inclusivity for all users.

Advanced practices also involve performance optimisation, search engine optimisation considerations, and integration of user experience research. Web design often overlaps with user interface design and front end development, requiring collaboration between designers and engineers.

Why it matters

• Shapes user first impressions and brand perception.
• Improves usability and customer satisfaction.
• Supports accessibility and inclusivity.
• Impacts search rankings and website performance.

Use cases

• Designing websites for businesses, e-commerce, and blogs.
• Creating responsive layouts that adapt to mobile devices.
• Prototyping user interfaces for testing and iteration.
• Integrating branding and visual identity into online presence.

Metrics

• Bounce rate and time on site.
• Conversion rates linked to design changes.
• Page load speed and performance scores.
• Accessibility compliance results.

Issues

• Poor usability leading to high abandonment rates.
• Inconsistent branding reducing trust and recognition.
• Slow loading designs impacting search rankings.
• Accessibility failures excluding users with disabilities.

Example

A healthcare provider redesigns its website with a modern interface, clear navigation, and responsive layouts. After launch, user engagement improves, appointment bookings increase, and bounce rates drop.